Mangoes are juicy drupes comprising of many species of tropical trees belonging to flowering plants of genus Mangifera, cultivated primarily for their edible fruits. Most of these fruit varieties are found in nature as wild mangoes. The genus belongs to the Anacardiaceae family of cashew nuts. Mangoes originated in Southeast Asia, where the common mango or Indian mango, Mangifera indica, was distributed throughout the world to become one of the most cultivated fruits in the tropics.

Other species of Mangifera (e.g. horse mango, Mangifera foetida) are also grown on a more localized basis.

Cultivars

There are several hundred named mango cultivars. In mango orchards, several cultivars are often grown to improve pollination. Many desired cultivars are mono-embryonic and must be propagated by grafting or they do not reproduce. A common mono-embryonic cultivar is 'Alphonso', an important export product, considered 'king of mangoes'.

Generally, ripe mangoes have an orange-red, yellow or reddish bark and are juicy to eat, while exported fruits are often picked while they are submarine with green bark. Although they produce ethylene during maturation, mangoes exported unripened do not have the same flavor or flavor as fresh fruits. Generally, mature mangoes have an orange-yellow or reddish skin and are juicy to eat, while the exported fruits are often picked. Although they produce ethylene during maturation, mangoes exported unripened do not have the same flavor and taste as fresh fruit.

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